Principle 14: Clearly define top management's commitment to continual improvement of quality and its obligation to implement the 14 Principles. Plan and take action to put everyone in the organization to work to accomplish the transformation; the transformation is everyone's job. Start with education for all in positions of leadership.
Read MoreCommon management myths (see here and here) must be replaced by sound guiding principles. In this post, I’ll describe the fifth such principle, Work Continually on the System. It is worth noting that the 14 Principles for Educational Systems Transformation are mutually supporting, so it is important to understand all of them rather than studying them in isolation. An in-depth discussion of the full set of Principles for Transformation can be found in Chapter 3 of my recently released book Win-Win: W. Edwards Deming, the System of Profound Knowledge, and the Science of Improving Schools.
Read MoreThe four components of the System of Profound Knowledge interact with each other and cannot be separated. For example, as outlined in last month’s post, the Theory of Knowledge relies on one’s ability to separate statistical variation into common and special causes to learn about and improve a system. Each part of Profound Knowledge is interdependent and equal in importance. Nonetheless, in my study, if there is one of the four components that seems to flow through each of the others, it is Psychology. Psychology involves understanding the actions and reactions of people in everyday circumstances.
Read MoreHow do we improve the math engagement rates discussed in last month’s post? In other words, what would your theory be for improving these rates?
Don’t get too caught up in the idea of theory. By theory I mean any set of assumptions that you use to predict what’s going to happen in the future. Here, I simply mean the plan or strategy you’d suggest to improve those rates. The plan or strategy you choose is based on the prediction that it will improve the 8th grade math engagement rates, and your underlying rationale for your choice in plan or strategy is your theory. Theory of Knowledge then is the study of how what we think we know and claim to know actually is the way we claim it is.
A critical component of the Planning phase of the cycle is the idea of operational definitions. The concept of operational definitions is straightforward. The idea is that language must be made operational in order to perform the basic functions in an organization. To put it another way, an operational definition puts communicable meaning into a concept. Concepts that are important to schools such as attendance, engagement, and learning have no communicable value until they are expressed in operational terms.
Read MoreNow that I’ve outlined the basic idea of the PDSA cycle, it will be helpful to turn to a real PDSA that I used in my work at United Schools Network. This in fact was the first PDSA I ever designed, so it by no means is being held up as an exemplar. However, I think it is useful as an introductory point to the concept because this particular example is so simple. I’m also happy to report that for a first attempt, this PDSA cycle was fairly successful.
Read MoreOne of the most powerful tools that sits at the heart of Deming’s Theory of Knowledge is in fact the Plan-Do-Act-Study (PDSA) cycle. PDSA cycles are experiments during which you gather evidence to test your theories. Observed outcomes are compared to predictions and the differences between the two become the learning that drives decisions about next steps with your theory. The know-how generated through each successive PDSA cycle ultimately becomes the practice-based evidence that demonstrates that some process, tool, or modified staff role or relationship works effectively under a variety of conditions and that quality outcomes will reliably ensue within your organization.
Read MoreThe case I’ve been making for organizational transformation is based on the premise that our education system is not broken. Rather, it is a system that is operating exactly as it was designed to operate, and it’s producing exactly what it was designed to produce. I do not believe that our schools need reform or restructuring but rather a change in state. This transformative change in state does not occur overnight, but instead is a process that unfolds over 5-10 years (as Deming would put it, “There is no instant pudding!”).
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In our organizations, theory must be the basis of all investigation, and the basis for any action we take to improve systems within our organizations has to include testing our theories. The Theory of Knowledge is all about where our knowledge comes from that we use in these improvement efforts. This knowledge has temporal spread.
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